Csharp/CSharp Tutorial/File Directory Stream/Directory

Материал из .Net Framework эксперт
Перейти к: навигация, поиск

All Directories traverses all sub-directories under the root

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Collections.Specialized; using System.IO; using System.IO.rupression; using System.Net; using System.Net.Mail; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Text; public class MainClass { 

   public static void Main()
   {
       DirectoryInfo root = new DirectoryInfo(@"C:\Program Files\");
       DirectoryInfo[] dirs = root.GetDirectories("*", SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly);
       Console.WriteLine("{0} subdirectories:", root.FullName);
       foreach (DirectoryInfo subDir in dirs)
       {
           Console.WriteLine("    {0}", subDir.Name);
       }
   }

}</source> 

C:\Program Files\ subdirectories:
    Adobe
    AMD
    ATI Technologies
    Common Files
    ComPlus Applications
    CONEXANT

Changing current directory to c:\\

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.IO; static class MainClass { 

   static void Main()
   {
      Directory.SetCurrentDirectory(@"c:\");
   }

}</source>

Create directory structure

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.IO.IsolatedStorage; using System.IO; 

 class MainClass
 {
   static void Main(string[] args)
   {
     using (IsolatedStorageFile store = IsolatedStorageFile.GetUserStoreForAssembly())
     {
       store.CreateDirectory(@"MyDir\XmlData");
       store.CreateDirectory("MyDir\\BinaryData");
       store.CreateDirectory("MyDir/TextData");
     }
   }
 }</source>

Creating Subdirectory and Manipulating File

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Text; 

   class Tester
   {
       public static void Main()
       {
           ExploreDirectory(new DirectoryInfo("c:\\"));
       }
       private static void ExploreDirectory(DirectoryInfo dir)
       {
           string newDirectory = "newTest";
           DirectoryInfo newSubDir = dir.CreateSubdirectory(newDirectory);
           FileInfo[] filesInDir = dir.GetFiles();
           foreach (FileInfo file in filesInDir)
           {
               string fullName = newSubDir.FullName +"\\" + file.Name;
               file.CopyTo(fullName);
               Console.WriteLine(file.FullName);
           }
           filesInDir = newSubDir.GetFiles();
           int counter = 0;
           foreach (FileInfo file in filesInDir)
           {
               string fullName = file.FullName;
               file.MoveTo(fullName + ".bak");
               Console.WriteLine("{0} renamed to {1}",fullName, file.FullName);
           }
           newSubDir.Delete(true); 
       }
   }</source>

Delete Directory

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.IO; class MaionClass { 

 public static void Main(String[] args)
 {
   try
   {
     Directory.Delete(@"C:\WinNT\MyFoo");
     Directory.Delete(@"C:\WinNT\MyBar", true);
   }
   catch(IOException e)
   {
     Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
   }
 }

}</source>

Directory Attributes

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.IO; class MainClass { 

 public static void DecipherAttributes(FileAttributes f) 
 {
   if ((f & FileAttributes.Archive) == FileAttributes.Archive)
     Console.WriteLine("Archive");
   if ((f & FileAttributes.rupressed) == FileAttributes.rupressed)
     Console.WriteLine("Compressed");
   if ((f & FileAttributes.Device) == FileAttributes.Device)
     Console.WriteLine("Device");
   if ((f & FileAttributes.Directory)   == FileAttributes.Directory)
     Console.WriteLine("Directory");
   if ((f & FileAttributes.Encrypted)  == FileAttributes.Encrypted)
     Console.WriteLine("Encrypted");
   if ((f & FileAttributes.Hidden)  == FileAttributes.Hidden)
     Console.WriteLine("Hidden");
   if ((f & FileAttributes.NotContentIndexed)  == FileAttributes.NotContentIndexed)
     Console.WriteLine("NotContentIndexed");
   if ((f & FileAttributes.Offline)  == FileAttributes.Offline)
     Console.WriteLine("Offline");
   if ((f & FileAttributes.ReadOnly)  == FileAttributes.ReadOnly)
     Console.WriteLine("ReadOnly");
   if ((f & FileAttributes.ReparsePoint)  == FileAttributes.ReparsePoint)
     Console.WriteLine("ReparsePoint");
   if ((f & FileAttributes.SparseFile)  == FileAttributes.SparseFile)
     Console.WriteLine("SparseFile");
   if ((f & FileAttributes.System)  == FileAttributes.System)
     Console.WriteLine("System");
   if ((f & FileAttributes.Temporary)  == FileAttributes.Temporary)
     Console.WriteLine("Temporary");
 }
 public static void Main() 
 {
   DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo("c:\\");
   
   FileAttributes f = di.Attributes;
   Console.WriteLine("Directory c:\\ has attributes:");
   DecipherAttributes(f);
 }

}</source> 

Directory c:\ has attributes:
Directory
Hidden
System

Directory.Exists

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.IO; static class MainClass { 

   static void Main(string[] args)
   {
       Console.WriteLine(Directory.Exists("c:\\"));
   }

}</source> 

True

DirectoryInfo: creation time, last write time, last access time

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.IO; class MainClass { 

   public static void Main(string[] args)
   {
       FileInfo file = new FileInfo("c:\\test.txt");    
       // Display directory information.
       DirectoryInfo dir = file.Directory;
       if (dir.Exists)
       {
           Console.Write("Directory created: ");
           Console.WriteLine(dir.CreationTime.ToString());
           Console.Write("Directory last updated: ");
           Console.WriteLine(dir.LastWriteTime.ToString());
           Console.Write("Directory last accessed: ");
           Console.WriteLine(dir.LastAccessTime.ToString());
       }
   
   }

}</source> 

Directory created: 27/08/2006 3:07:02 PM
Directory last updated: 25/03/2007 2:04:08 PM
Directory last accessed: 25/03/2007 2:11:11 PM

DirectoryInfo: Directory attribute list and Directory contains

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.IO; class MainClass { 

   public static void Main(string[] args)
   {
       FileInfo file = new FileInfo("c:\\test.txt");
       // Display directory information.
       DirectoryInfo dir = file.Directory;
       if (dir.Exists)
       {
           Console.Write("Directory attribute list: ");
           Console.WriteLine(dir.Attributes.ToString());
           Console.WriteLine("Directory contains: " + dir.GetFiles().Length.ToString() + " files");
       }
   }

}</source> 

Directory attribute list: Hidden, System, Directory
Directory contains: 12 files

Exploring Files And Sub directories

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Text; 

  class Tester
  {
     static int dirCounter = 1;
     static int fileCounter = 0;
     public static void Main()
     {
        ExploreDirectory( new DirectoryInfo( "c:\\") );
     }
     static void ExploreDirectory( DirectoryInfo dir )
     {
        FileInfo[] filesInDir = dir.GetFiles();
        foreach ( FileInfo file in filesInDir )
        {
           Console.WriteLine( "{0} [{1}] Size: {2} bytes",
              file.Name,
              file.LastWriteTime,
              file.Length );
           fileCounter++;
        }
        DirectoryInfo[] directories = dir.GetDirectories();
        foreach ( DirectoryInfo newDir in directories )
        {
           dirCounter++;  // increment the counter
           ExploreDirectory( newDir );
        }
     }
  }</source>

Get Current Directory

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.IO; static class MainClass { 

   static void Main()
   {
       Console.WriteLine("Using: " + Directory.GetCurrentDirectory());
   }

}</source> 

Using: C:\Java_Dev\WEB\dev\CSharp

Get DirectoryInfo from FileInfo: name, parent directory name, directory exists

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.IO; class MainClass { 

   public static void Main(string[] args)
   {
       FileInfo file = new FileInfo("c:\\test.txt");
       // Display directory information.
       DirectoryInfo dir = file.Directory;
       Console.WriteLine("Checking directory: " + dir.Name);
       Console.WriteLine("In directory: " + dir.Parent.Name);
       Console.Write("Directory exists: ");
       Console.WriteLine(dir.Exists.ToString());
   }

}</source> 

Checking directory: c:\
Unhandled Exception: System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an ob
ject.
   at MainClass.Main(String[] args)

Get relative path

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.IO; static class MainClass { 

   static void Main()
   {
       Console.WriteLine("The relative path "file.txt" " + Path.GetFullPath("file.txt"));
   }

}</source> 

c:\file.txt

Get the files from the root directory

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.IO; class MainClass { 

 public static void Main() 
 {
   string[] aFiles = Directory.GetFiles("c:\\");
   foreach (string s in aFiles)
     Console.WriteLine(s);
 }

}</source> 

c:\AUTOEXEC.BAT
c:\boot.ini
c:\CONFIG.SYS
c:\hiberfil.sys
c:\initest.ini
c:\IO.SYS
c:\MSDOS.SYS
c:\myfile.txt
c:\NTDETECT.ru
c:\ntldr
c:\pagefile.sys
c:\records.bin
c:\Test.txt
c:\test.xml
c:\Testing.txt
c:\xmlWriterTest.xml

List directory under a directory

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.IO; public class MainClass { 

 static void Main(string[] args)
 {
   DirectoryInfo MyRoot = new DirectoryInfo(@"c:\projects");
   DirectoryInfo[] MySub = MyRoot.GetDirectories();
   foreach (DirectoryInfo D in MySub)
   {
     Console.WriteLine(D.Name);
   }
 }

}</source>

List files under a directory

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.IO; public class MainClass { 

 static void Main(string[] args)
 {
   DirectoryInfo MyRoot = new DirectoryInfo(@"c:\projects");
   FileInfo[] MyFiles = MyRoot.GetFiles();
   foreach (FileInfo F in MyFiles)
   {
     Console.WriteLine(F.Name);
   }
 }

}</source> 

Testing.txt

Modify directory structure

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.IO; using System.Linq; 

 class Program
 {
   static void Main(string[] args)
   {
     DirectoryInfo dir = new DirectoryInfo(".");
     // Create \MyFolder off initial directory.
     dir.CreateSubdirectory("MyFolder");
     // Capture returned DirectoryInfo object.
     DirectoryInfo myDataFolder = dir.CreateSubdirectory(@"MyFolder2\Data");
     // Prints path to ..\MyFolder2\Data.
     Console.WriteLine("New Folder is: {0}", myDataFolder);
   }
 }</source>

Recursely Explore Directories

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Text; 

   class Tester
   {
       public static void Main()
       {
           ExploreDirectory(new DirectoryInfo("c:\\"));
       }
       private static void ExploreDirectory(DirectoryInfo dir)
       {
           Console.WriteLine("[{0}] {1} \n",dir.Name, dir.LastAccessTime);
           DirectoryInfo[] directories = dir.GetDirectories();
           foreach (DirectoryInfo newDir in directories)
           {
               ExploreDirectory(newDir);
           }
       }
   }</source>

Recursive Directory use

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.IO; class MainClass { 

 public static void ShowDirectory(DirectoryInfo di, int intLevel) 
 {
   string strPad = new String(" ", 2*intLevel);
   Console.WriteLine(strPad + di.Name);
   foreach (DirectoryInfo diChild in di.GetDirectories())
     ShowDirectory(diChild, intLevel+1);
 }
 public static void Main() 
 {
   DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo("c:\\");
   ShowDirectory(di, 0);
 }

}</source> 

c:\
  b
  Documents and Settings
    All Users
      Application Data
        Adobe
          Acrobat
            6.0
              Replicate
                Security
        Microsoft
          CoreCon
^CTerminate batch job (Y/N)? n

Show basic directory info

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.IO; using System.Linq; 

 class Program
 {
   static void Main(string[] args)
   {
     DirectoryInfo dir = new DirectoryInfo(@"C:\Windows");
     // Dump directory information.
     Console.WriteLine("***** Directory Info *****");
     Console.WriteLine("FullName: {0}", dir.FullName);
     Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}", dir.Name);
     Console.WriteLine("Parent: {0}", dir.Parent);
     Console.WriteLine("Creation: {0}", dir.CreationTime);
     Console.WriteLine("Attributes: {0}", dir.Attributes);
     Console.WriteLine("Root: {0}", dir.Root);
   }
 }</source>

Traverse all files under the root

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Collections.Specialized; using System.IO; using System.IO.rupression; using System.Net; using System.Net.Mail; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Text; public class MainClass { 

   public static void Main()
   {
       DirectoryInfo root = new DirectoryInfo(@"C:\Program Files\");
       DirectoryInfo[] dirs = root.GetDirectories("*", SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly);
       Console.WriteLine("{0} subdirectories:", root.FullName);
       FileInfo[] files = root.GetFiles();
       Console.WriteLine("files:");
       foreach (FileInfo file in files)
       {
           Console.WriteLine("    {0} ({1} bytes)", file.Name, file.Length);
       }
   }

}</source> 

C:\Program Files\ subdirectories:
files:

Use DirectoryInfo to create sub directory

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.IO; public class MainClass { 

 static void Main(string[] args)
 {
   DirectoryInfo MyRoot = new DirectoryInfo(@"c:\projects");
       MyRoot.CreateSubdirectory("MyFolder");
 }

}</source>

Use file filer on a directory

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.IO; static class MainClass { 

   static void Main(string[] args)
   {
       DirectoryInfo dir = new DirectoryInfo("c:\\a");
       FileInfo[] files = dir.GetFiles("*.gif");
       // Display the name of all the files.
       foreach (FileInfo file in files)
       {
           Console.Write("Name: " + file.Name + "  ");
           Console.WriteLine("Size: " + file.Length.ToString());
       }
   }

}</source>

Using Directory type

<source lang="csharp">using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.IO; using System.Linq; 

 class Program
 {
   static void Main(string[] args)
   {
     string[] drives = Directory.GetLogicalDrives();
     foreach (string s in drives)
       Console.WriteLine("--> {0} ", s);
     try
     {
       Directory.Delete(string.Format(@"{0}\MyFolder", Environment.CurrentDirectory));
       Directory.Delete(string.Format(@"{0}\MyFolder2", Environment.CurrentDirectory), true);
     }
     catch (IOException e)
     {
       Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
     }
   }
 }</source>
Источник — «http://nfex.ru/index.php?title=Csharp/CSharp_Tutorial/File_Directory_Stream/Directory&oldid=6833»