Csharp/CSharp Tutorial/struct/struct definition

Composite Struct

struct StructWithNoMembers
{
}
   
struct StructWithMembers
{
    short s;
    int i;
    long l;
    bool b;
}
   
struct CompositeStruct
{
    StructWithNoMembers a;
    StructWithMembers b;
    StructWithNoMembers c;
}
   
class SizeofCustomTypesApp
{
    unsafe public static void Main(string[] args) 
    {
        Console.WriteLine("sizeof StructWithNoMembers structure = {0}", sizeof(StructWithNoMembers));
        Console.WriteLine("sizeof StructWithMembers structure = {0}",sizeof(StructWithMembers));
        Console.WriteLine("sizeof CompositeStruct structure = {0}", sizeof(CompositeStruct));
    }
}

Create A Struct Using Default Constructor

using System;
    public struct Location
    {
        public int X { get; set; }
        public int Y { get; set; }
        public Location(int x, int y)
            : this()
        {
            X = x;
            Y = y;
        }
        public override string ToString()
        {
            return (String.Format("{0}, {1}", X, Y));
        }
    }
    public class Tester
    {
        static void Main()
        {
            Location loc1 = new Location();  // no call to the constructor
            loc1.X = 75;
            loc1.Y = 225;
            Console.WriteLine(loc1);
        }
    }

Declaration of a struct and use it

using System;
public struct MyStruct
{
  public int MyInt;
  public long MyLong;
  public string MyString;
}
class MainClass
{
  static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    MyStruct TheStruct;
    TheStruct.MyInt = 0;
    TheStruct.MyLong = 0;
    TheStruct.MyString = "Hello World";
  }
}

Declare a struct

using System;
struct Point
{
    public Point(int x, int y)
    {
        this.x = x;
        this.y = y;
    }
    public override string ToString()
    {
        return(String.Format("({0}, {1})", x, y));
    }
    
    public int x;
    public int y;
}
class MainClass
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        Point start = new Point(5, 5);
        Console.WriteLine("Start: {0}", start);
    }
}

Start: (5, 5)

Declare the Rectangle struct

public struct Rectangle
{
  // declare the fields
  public int Width;
  public int Height;
  // define a constructor
  public Rectangle(int Width, int Height)
  {
    this.Width = Width;
    this.Height = Height;
  }
  // define the Area() method
  public int Area()
  {
    return Width * Height;
  }
}

class MainClass
{
  public static void Main()
  {
    System.Console.WriteLine("Creating a Rectangle instance");
    Rectangle myRectangle = new Rectangle(2, 3);
    System.Console.WriteLine("myRectangle.Width = " + myRectangle.Width);
    System.Console.WriteLine("myRectangle.Height = " + myRectangle.Height);
    System.Console.WriteLine("myRectangle.Area() = " + myRectangle.Area());
  }
}

Creating a Rectangle instance
myRectangle.Width = 2
myRectangle.Height = 3
myRectangle.Area() = 6

Defining struct

struct Angle
{
  public Angle(int hours, int minutes, int seconds)
  {
      _Hours = hours;
      _Minutes = minutes;
      _Seconds = seconds;
  }
  public int Hours
  {
      get { return _Hours; }
  }
  private int _Hours;
  public int Minutes
  {
      get { return _Minutes; }
  }
  private int _Minutes;
  public int Seconds
  {
      get { return _Seconds; }
  }
  private int _Seconds;
  public Angle Move(int hours, int minutes, int seconds)
  {
      return new Angle(Hours + hours,Minutes + minutes,Seconds + seconds);
  }
}
class Coordinate
{
  public Angle Longitude
  {
      get { return _Longitude; }
      set { _Longitude = value; }
  }
  private Angle _Longitude;
  public Angle Latitude
  {
      get { return _Latitude; }
      set { _Latitude = value; }
  }
  private Angle _Latitude;
}

Use enum data type in a struct

using System;
enum EmpType : byte 
{
  Manager = 10,
  Developer = 1,
  Contractor = 100,
  Programmer = 9
}
struct EMPLOYEE 
{
  public EmpType title;
  public string name;
  public short deptID;
  public EMPLOYEE(EmpType et, string n, short d)
  {
    title = et;
    name = n;
    deptID = d;
  }
}
class MainClass
{
  public static void Main(string[] args) {
    EMPLOYEE fred;
    fred.deptID = 40;
    fred.name = "Fred";
    fred.title = EmpType.Developer;
    EMPLOYEE mary = new EMPLOYEE(EmpType.Programmer, "Mary", 10);
  }
}