Csharp/C Sharp/Development Class/Reflection Assembly

Create an object using reflection

/*
C#: The Complete Reference 
by Herbert Schildt 
Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (March 8, 2002)
ISBN: 0072134852
*/

// Create an object using reflection. 
 
using System; 
using System.Reflection; 
 
class MyClass { 
  int x; 
  int y; 
 
  public MyClass(int i) { 
    Console.WriteLine("Constructing MyClass(int, int). "); 
    x = y = i;  
  } 
 
  public MyClass(int i, int j) { 
    Console.WriteLine("Constructing MyClass(int, int). "); 
    x = i; 
    y = j; 
    show(); 
  } 
 
  public int sum() { 
    return x+y; 
  } 
 
  public bool isBetween(int i) { 
    if((x < i) && (i < y)) return true; 
    else return false; 
  } 
 
  public void set(int a, int b) { 
    Console.Write("Inside set(int, int). "); 
    x = a; 
    y = b; 
    show(); 
  } 
 
  // Overload set. 
  public void set(double a, double b) { 
    Console.Write("Inside set(double, double). "); 
    x = (int) a; 
    y = (int) b; 
    show(); 
  } 
 
  public void show() { 
    Console.WriteLine("Values are x: {0}, y: {1}", x, y); 
  } 
 
} 
 
public class InvokeConsDemo { 
  public static void Main() { 
    Type t = typeof(MyClass); 
    int val; 
 
    // Get constructor info. 
    ConstructorInfo[] ci = t.GetConstructors(); 
 
    Console.WriteLine("Available constructors: "); 
    foreach(ConstructorInfo c in ci) { 
      // Display return type and name. 
      Console.Write("   " + t.Name + "("); 
 
      // Display parameters. 
      ParameterInfo[] pi = c.GetParameters(); 
 
      for(int i=0; i < pi.Length; i++) { 
        Console.Write(pi[i].ParameterType.Name + 
                      " " + pi[i].Name); 
        if(i+1 < pi.Length) Console.Write(", "); 
      } 
 
      Console.WriteLine(")"); 
    } 
    Console.WriteLine(); 
 
    // Find matching constructor. 
    int x; 
 
    for(x=0; x < ci.Length; x++) { 
      ParameterInfo[] pi =  ci[x].GetParameters(); 
      if(pi.Length == 2) break; 
    } 
 
    if(x == ci.Length) { 
      Console.WriteLine("No matching constructor found."); 
      return; 
    } 
    else 
      Console.WriteLine("Two-parameter constructor found.\n"); 
 
    // Construct the object.   
    object[] consargs = new object[2]; 
    consargs[0] = 10; 
    consargs[1] = 20; 
    object reflectOb = ci[x].Invoke(consargs); 
 
    Console.WriteLine("\nInvoking methods on reflectOb."); 
    Console.WriteLine(); 
    MethodInfo[] mi = t.GetMethods(); 
 
    // Invoke each method. 
    foreach(MethodInfo m in mi) { 
      // Get the parameters 
      ParameterInfo[] pi = m.GetParameters(); 
 
      if(m.Name.rupareTo("set")==0 && 
         pi[0].ParameterType == typeof(int)) { 
        // This is set(int, int). 
        object[] args = new object[2]; 
        args[0] = 9; 
        args[1] = 18; 
        m.Invoke(reflectOb, args); 
      } 
      else if(m.Name.rupareTo("set")==0 && 
              pi[0].ParameterType == typeof(double)) { 
        // This is set(double, double). 
        object[] args = new object[2]; 
        args[0] = 1.12; 
        args[1] = 23.4; 
        m.Invoke(reflectOb, args); 
      } 
      else if(m.Name.rupareTo("sum")==0) { 
        val = (int) m.Invoke(reflectOb, null); 
        Console.WriteLine("sum is " + val); 
      } 
      else if(m.Name.rupareTo("isBetween")==0) { 
        object[] args = new object[1]; 
        args[0] = 14; 
        if((bool) m.Invoke(reflectOb, args)) 
          Console.WriteLine("14 is between x and y"); 
      } 
      else if(m.Name.rupareTo("show")==0) { 
        m.Invoke(reflectOb, null); 
      } 
    } 
  } 
}

Deeper Reflection: Invoking Functions

/*
A Programmer"s Introduction to C# (Second Edition)
by Eric Gunnerson
Publisher: Apress  L.P.
ISBN: 1-893115-62-3
*/
// 36 - Deeper into C#\Deeper Reflection\Invoking Functions
// copyright 2000 Eric Gunnerson
// file=driver.cs
// compile with: csc driver.cs iprocess.cs
using System;
using System.Reflection;
using MamaSoft;
public class Deeper ReflectionInvokingFunctions
{
    public static void ProcessAssembly(string aname)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Loading: {0}", aname);
        Assembly a = Assembly.LoadFrom (aname);
        
        // walk through each type in the assembly
        foreach (Type t in a.GetTypes())
        {
            // if it"s a class, it might be one that we want.
            if (t.IsClass)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("  Found Class: {0}", t.FullName);
                
                // check to see if it implements IProcess
                if (t.GetInterface("IProcess") == null)
                continue;
                
                // it implements IProcess. Create an instance 
                // of the object.
                object o = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
                
                // create the parameter list, call it,
                // and print out the return value.
                Console.WriteLine("    Calling Process() on {0}", 
                t.FullName);
            object[] args = new object[] {55};
                object result;
                result = t.InvokeMember("Process",
                BindingFlags.Default |
                BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, 
                null, o, args);
                Console.WriteLine("    Result: {0}", result);
            }
        }
    }
    public static void Main(String[] args)
    {
        foreach (string arg in args)
        ProcessAssembly(arg);
    }
}

//=======================================================
// 36 - Deeper into C#\Deeper Reflection\Invoking Functions
// copyright 2000 Eric Gunnerson
// file=IProcess.cs
namespace MamaSoft
{
    interface IProcess
    {
        string Process(int param);
    }
}
//=======================================================
// 36 - Deeper into C#\Deeper Reflection\Invoking Functions
// copyright 2000 Eric Gunnerson
// file=process2.cs
// compile with: csc /target:library process2.cs iprocess.cs
using System;
namespace MamaSoft
{
    class Processor2: IProcess
    {
        Processor2() {}
        
        public string Process(int param)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("In Processor2.Process(): {0}", param);
            return("Shiver me timbers! ");
        }
    }
    class Unrelated
    {
    }
}
//========================================================
// 36 - Deeper into C#\Deeper Reflection\Invoking Functions
// copyright 2000 Eric Gunnerson
// file=process1.cs
// compile with: csc /target:library process1.cs iprocess.cs
using System;
namespace MamaSoft
{
    class Processor1: IProcess
    {
        Processor1() {}
        
        public string Process(int param)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("In Processor1.Process(): {0}", param);
            return("Raise the mainsail! ");
        }
    }
}

Demonstrate dynamically invoking an object

/*
C# Programming Tips & Techniques
by Charles Wright, Kris Jamsa
Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (December 28, 2001)
ISBN: 0072193794
*/
// Invoke.cs -- Demonstrate dynamically invoking an object
//
//              Compile this program with the following command line:
//                  C:>csc Invoke.cs
using System;
using System.Reflection;
namespace nsReflection
{
    public class Invoke
    {
        static public void Main ()
        {
            // Load the Circle assembly.
            Assembly asy = null;
            try
            {
                asy = Assembly.Load ("Circle");
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine (e.Message);
                return;
            }
            
            // Parameter array for a POINT object.
            object [] parmsPoint = new object [2] {15, 30};
            
            // Parameter array for a clsCircle object.
            object [] parmsCircle = new object [3] {100, 15, 30};
            
            // Get the type of clsCircle and create an instance of it.
            Type circle = asy.GetType("nsCircle.clsCircle");
            object obj = Activator.CreateInstance (circle, parmsCircle);
            
            // Get the property info for the area and show the area
            PropertyInfo p = circle.GetProperty ("Area");
            Console.WriteLine ("The area of the circle is " + p.GetValue(obj, null));
            
            // Get the POINT type and create an instance of it
            Type point = asy.GetType("nsCircle.POINT");
            object pt = Activator.CreateInstance (point, parmsPoint);
            
            // Show the point using object"s ToString() method
            Console.WriteLine ("The point is " + pt.ToString ());
        }
    }
}

Demonstrate typeof

/*
C#: The Complete Reference 
by Herbert Schildt 
Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (March 8, 2002)
ISBN: 0072134852
*/

// Demonstrate typeof. 
 
using System; 
using System.IO; 
 
public class UseTypeof { 
  public static void Main() { 
    Type t = typeof(StreamReader); 
 
    Console.WriteLine(t.FullName);     
 
    if(t.IsClass) Console.WriteLine("Is a class."); 
    if(t.IsAbstract) Console.WriteLine("Is abstract."); 
    else Console.WriteLine("Is concrete."); 
 
  } 
}

Demonstrate using Type class to discover information about a class

/*
C# Programming Tips & Techniques
by Charles Wright, Kris Jamsa
Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (December 28, 2001)
ISBN: 0072193794
*/
// GetType.cs -- Demonstrate using Type class to discover
//               information about a class
//
//               Compile this program with the following command line:
//                   C:>csc GetType.cs
using System;
using System.Reflection;
namespace nsReflection
{
    class clsEmployee
    {
        public clsEmployee (string First, string Last, string Zip, int ID)
        {
            FirstName = First;
            LastName = Last;
            EmployeeID = ID;
            ZipCode = Zip;
        }
        public string  FirstName;
        public string  LastName;
        public string  ZipCode;
        public int      EmployeeID;
        public string Name
        {
            get {return (FirstName + " " + LastName);}
        }
        public string Zip
        {
            get {return (ZipCode);}
        }
        public int ID
        {
            get {return (EmployeeID);}
        }
        static public int CompareByName (object o1, object o2)
        {
            clsEmployee emp1 = (clsEmployee) o1;
            clsEmployee emp2 = (clsEmployee) o2;
            return (String.rupare (emp1.LastName, emp2.LastName));
        }
        static public int CompareByZip (object o1, object o2)
        {
            clsEmployee emp1 = (clsEmployee) o1;
            clsEmployee emp2 = (clsEmployee) o2;
            return (String.rupare (emp1.ZipCode, emp2.ZipCode));
        }
        static public int CompareByID (object o1, object o2)
        {
            clsEmployee emp1 = (clsEmployee) o1;
            clsEmployee emp2 = (clsEmployee) o2;
            return (emp1.EmployeeID - emp2.EmployeeID);
        }
    }
    public class GetType
    {
        static public void Main ()
        {
            Type t = typeof(clsEmployee);
            if (t == null)
            {
                Console.WriteLine ("t is null");
                return;
            }
            Console.WriteLine ("Class clsEmployee is a member of the {0} namespace", t.Namespace);
            Console.WriteLine ("\r\nMethods in clsEmployee:");
            MethodInfo [] methods = t.GetMethods ();
            foreach (MethodInfo m in methods)
                Console.WriteLine ("\t" + m.Name);
            Console.WriteLine ("\r\nProperties in clsEmployee:");
            PropertyInfo [] props = t.GetProperties ();
            foreach (PropertyInfo p in props)
                Console.WriteLine ("\t" + p.Name);
            Console.WriteLine ("\r\nFields in clsEmployee:");
            FieldInfo [] fields = t.GetFields ();
            foreach (FieldInfo f in fields)
                Console.WriteLine ("\t" + f.Name);
        }
    }
}

Get all fields from a class

using System;
using System.Reflection;

public class Test
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    TheType.MyClass aClass = new TheType.MyClass();
    Type t = aClass.GetType();
    FieldInfo[] fi = t.GetFields();
    foreach(FieldInfo field in fi)
      Console.WriteLine("Field: {0}", field.Name);
    }
}

namespace TheType {
    public interface IFaceOne {
      void MethodA();
    }
    
    public interface IFaceTwo {
      void MethodB();
    }
    
    public class MyClass: IFaceOne, IFaceTwo {
      public int myIntField;
      public string myStringField;
        private double myDoubleField = 0;
        
        
        public double getMyDouble(){
          return myDoubleField;
        }
        
      public void myMethod(int p1, string p2)
      {
      }
    
      public int MyProp
      {
        get { return myIntField; }
        set { myIntField = value; }
      }
    
      public void MethodA() {}
      public void MethodB() {}
    }
}

Get all implemented interface from a class

using System;
using System.Reflection;

public class Test
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    TheType.MyClass aClass = new TheType.MyClass();
    Type t = aClass.GetType();
    Type[] ifaces = t.GetInterfaces();
    foreach(Type i in ifaces)
      Console.WriteLine("Interface: {0}", i.Name);
    }
}

namespace TheType {
    public interface IFaceOne {
      void MethodA();
    }
    
    public interface IFaceTwo {
      void MethodB();
    }
    
    public class MyClass: IFaceOne, IFaceTwo {
      public int myIntField;
      public string myStringField;
        private double myDoubleField = 0;
        
        
        public double getMyDouble(){
          return myDoubleField;
        }
        
      public void myMethod(int p1, string p2)
      {
      }
    
      public int MyProp
      {
        get { return myIntField; }
        set { myIntField = value; }
      }
    
      public void MethodA() {}
      public void MethodB() {}
    }
}

Get all methods from a class

using System;
using System.Reflection;

public class Test
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    TheType.MyClass aClass = new TheType.MyClass();
    Type t = aClass.GetType();
    MethodInfo[] mi = t.GetMethods();
    foreach(MethodInfo m in mi)
      Console.WriteLine("Method: {0}", m.Name);
    }
}

namespace TheType {
    public interface IFaceOne {
      void MethodA();
    }
    
    public interface IFaceTwo {
      void MethodB();
    }
    
    public class MyClass: IFaceOne, IFaceTwo {
      public int myIntField;
      public string myStringField;
        private double myDoubleField = 0;
        
        
        public double getMyDouble(){
          return myDoubleField;
        }
        
      public void myMethod(int p1, string p2)
      {
      }
    
      public int MyProp
      {
        get { return myIntField; }
        set { myIntField = value; }
      }
    
      public void MethodA() {}
      public void MethodB() {}
    }
}

Get all properties from a class

using System;
using System.Reflection;

public class Test
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    TheType.MyClass aClass = new TheType.MyClass();
    Type t = aClass.GetType();
    PropertyInfo[] pi = t.GetProperties();
    foreach(PropertyInfo prop in pi)
      Console.WriteLine("Prop: {0}",  prop.Name);
    }
}

namespace TheType {
    public interface IFaceOne {
      void MethodA();
    }
    
    public interface IFaceTwo {
      void MethodB();
    }
    
    public class MyClass: IFaceOne, IFaceTwo {
      public int myIntField;
      public string myStringField;
        private double myDoubleField = 0;
        
        
        public double getMyDouble(){
          return myDoubleField;
        }
        
      public void myMethod(int p1, string p2)
      {
      }
    
      public int MyProp
      {
        get { return myIntField; }
        set { myIntField = value; }
      }
    
      public void MethodA() {}
      public void MethodB() {}
    }
}

Get Method Paramemters

using System;
using System.Reflection;

public class Test
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    Assembly a = null;
        AssemblyName asmName;
      asmName = new AssemblyName();
      asmName.Name = "Test";
      Version v = new Version("1.0.454.30104");
      asmName.Version = v;
 
        a = Assembly.Load(asmName);
    Type testClassName = a.GetType("Test");
    MethodInfo mi = testClassName.GetMethod("Main");  
    Console.WriteLine("Here are the params for {0}", mi.Name);
 
    // Show number of params.
    ParameterInfo[] myParams = mi.GetParameters();
    Console.WriteLine("Method has {0} params", myParams.Length);
    
    // Show info about param.
    foreach(ParameterInfo pi in myParams)
    {
      Console.WriteLine("Param name: {0}", pi.Name);
      Console.WriteLine("Position in method: {0}", pi.Position);        
      Console.WriteLine("Param type: {0}", pi.ParameterType);
    }
    }
}

Get type infomation: base type, is abstract, is com object, is sealed, is class

using System;
using System.Reflection;

public class Test
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
    TheType.MyClass aClass = new TheType.MyClass();
    Type t = aClass.GetType();
    Console.WriteLine("Full name is: {0}", t.FullName);
    Console.WriteLine("Base is: {0}", t.BaseType);
    Console.WriteLine("Is it abstract? {0}", t.IsAbstract);
    Console.WriteLine("Is it a COM object? {0}", t.IsCOMObject);
    Console.WriteLine("Is it sealed? {0}", t.IsSealed);
    Console.WriteLine("Is it a class? {0}", t.IsClass);
    }
}

namespace TheType {
    public interface IFaceOne {
      void MethodA();
    }
    
    public interface IFaceTwo {
      void MethodB();
    }
    
    public class MyClass: IFaceOne, IFaceTwo {
      public int myIntField;
      public string myStringField;
        private double myDoubleField = 0;
        
        
        public double getMyDouble(){
          return myDoubleField;
        }
        
      public void myMethod(int p1, string p2)
      {
      }
    
      public int MyProp
      {
        get { return myIntField; }
        set { myIntField = value; }
      }
    
      public void MethodA() {}
      public void MethodB() {}
    }
}

Illustrates creation of an application domain

/*
Mastering Visual C# .NET
by Jason Price, Mike Gunderloy
Publisher: Sybex;
ISBN: 0782129110
*/
/*
  Example18_1.cs illustrates creation of an application domain
*/
using System;
public class Example18_1 
{
    public static void Main() 
    {
        AppDomain d = AppDomain.CreateDomain("NewDomain");
        Console.WriteLine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.FriendlyName);
        Console.WriteLine(d.FriendlyName);
    }
}

Illustrates runtime type invocation

/*
Mastering Visual C# .NET
by Jason Price, Mike Gunderloy
Publisher: Sybex;
ISBN: 0782129110
*/
/*
  Example17_6 illustrates runtime type invocation
*/
using System;
using System.Reflection;
public class Example17_6 
{
  public static void Main(string[] args) 
  {
    RandomSupplier rs;
    RandomMethod rm;
    // iterate over all command-line arguments
    foreach(string s in args)
    {
      Assembly a = Assembly.LoadFrom(s);
      // Look through all the types in the assembly
      foreach(Type t in a.GetTypes())
      {
        rs = (RandomSupplier) Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(
          t, typeof(RandomSupplier));
        if(rs != null)
        {
          // find the method in this class. assume that
          // the class only contains a single method.
          // can"t use GetMethod() because we don"t know
          // what the method is named
          foreach(MethodInfo m in t.GetMethods())
          {
            rm = (RandomMethod) Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(
             m, typeof(RandomMethod));
            if(rm != null)
            {
              // create an instance of the class
              Object o = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
              // create an empty arguments array
              Object[] aa = new Object[0];
              // invoke the method
              int i = (int) m.Invoke(o, aa);
              Console.WriteLine("Class {0} in {1} returned {2}",
                t, s, i);
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////\
/*
Mastering Visual C# .NET
by Jason Price, Mike Gunderloy
Publisher: Sybex;
ISBN: 0782129110
*/
/*
  Example17_5a compiles into a library defining the RamdomSupplier attribute
  and the RandomMethod attribute
*/
using System;
// declare an attribute named RandomSupplier
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class)]
public class RandomSupplier : Attribute
{
  public RandomSupplier()
  {
    // doesn"t have to do anything
    // we just use this attribute to mark selected classes
  }
}
// declare an attribute named RandomMethod
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method )]
public class RandomMethod : Attribute
{
  public RandomMethod()
  {
    // doesn"t have to do anything
    // we just use this attribute to mark selected methods
  }
}
//===================================================
/*
  Example17_5b implements one class to supply random numbers
*/
// flag the class as a random supplier
[RandomSupplier]
public class OriginalRandom
{
  [RandomMethod]
  public int GetRandom()
  {
    return 5;
  }
}
//===================================================
/*
  Example17_5c implements one class to supply random numbers
*/
using System;
// flag the class as a random supplier
[RandomSupplier]
public class NewRandom
{
  [RandomMethod]
  public int ImprovedRandom()
  {
    Random r = new Random();
    return r.Next(1, 100);
  }
}
// this class has nothing to do with random numbers
public class AnotherClass
{
  public int NotRandom()
  {
    return 1;
  }
}
//===================================================
/*
  Example17_5d illustrates runtime type discovery
*/
using System;
using System.Reflection;
class Example17_5d 
{
  public static void Main(string[] args) 
  {
    RandomSupplier rs;
    RandomMethod rm;
    // iterate over all command-line arguments
    foreach(string s in args)
    {
      Assembly a = Assembly.LoadFrom(s);
      // Look through all the types in the assembly
      foreach(Type t in a.GetTypes())
      {
        rs = (RandomSupplier) Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(
         t, typeof(RandomSupplier));
        if(rs != null)
        {
          Console.WriteLine("Found RandomSupplier class {0} in {1}",
           t, s);
          foreach(MethodInfo m in t.GetMethods())
          {
            rm = (RandomMethod) Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(
             m, typeof(RandomMethod));
            if(rm != null)
            {
              Console.WriteLine("Found RandomMethod method {0}"
               , m.Name );
            }
          }        
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Illustrates unloading an application domain

/*
Mastering Visual C# .NET
by Jason Price, Mike Gunderloy
Publisher: Sybex;
ISBN: 0782129110
*/
/*
  Example18_4.cs illustrates unloading an application domain
*/
using System;
using System.Runtime.Remoting;
using System.Reflection;
public class Example18_4 
{
  public static void Main() 
  {
    // create a new appdomain
    AppDomain d = AppDomain.CreateDomain("NewDomain");
    
    // load an instance of the SimpleObject class
    ObjectHandle hobj = d.CreateInstance("Example18_2", "SimpleObject");
    // use a local variable to access the object
    SimpleObject so = (SimpleObject) hobj.Unwrap();
    Console.WriteLine(so.ToUpper("make this uppercase"));
    // unload the application domain
    AppDomain.Unload(d);
    Console.WriteLine(so.ToUpper("make this uppercase"));
  }
}

//===================================================
/*
  Example18_2.cs defines a simple object to create
*/
using System;
[Serializable]
public class SimpleObject 
{
  public String ToUpper(String inString)
  {
    return(inString.ToUpper());
  }
}

Locate an assembly, determine types, and create an object using reflection

/*
C#: The Complete Reference 
by Herbert Schildt 
Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (March 8, 2002)
ISBN: 0072134852
*/

/* Locate an assembly, determine types, and create  
   an object using reflection. */ 
 
using System; 
using System.Reflection; 
 
public class ReflectAssemblyDemo { 
  public static void Main() { 
    int val; 
 
    // Load the MyClasses.exe assembly. 
    Assembly asm = Assembly.LoadFrom("MyClasses.exe"); 
 
    // Discover what types MyClasses.exe contains. 
    Type[] alltypes = asm.GetTypes(); 
    foreach(Type temp in alltypes) 
      Console.WriteLine("Found: " + temp.Name); 
 
    Console.WriteLine(); 
 
    // Use the first type, which is MyClass in this case. 
    Type t = alltypes[0]; // use first class found 
    Console.WriteLine("Using: " + t.Name); 
 
    // Obtain constructor info. 
    ConstructorInfo[] ci = t.GetConstructors(); 
 
    Console.WriteLine("Available constructors: "); 
    foreach(ConstructorInfo c in ci) { 
      // Display return type and name. 
      Console.Write("   " + t.Name + "("); 
 
      // Display parameters. 
      ParameterInfo[] pi = c.GetParameters(); 
 
      for(int i=0; i < pi.Length; i++) { 
        Console.Write(pi[i].ParameterType.Name + 
                      " " + pi[i].Name); 
        if(i+1 < pi.Length) Console.Write(", "); 
      } 
 
      Console.WriteLine(")"); 
    } 
    Console.WriteLine(); 
 
    // Find matching constructor. 
    int x; 
 
    for(x=0; x < ci.Length; x++) { 
      ParameterInfo[] pi =  ci[x].GetParameters(); 
      if(pi.Length == 2) break; 
    } 
 
    if(x == ci.Length) { 
      Console.WriteLine("No matching constructor found."); 
      return; 
    } 
    else 
      Console.WriteLine("Two-parameter constructor found.\n"); 
 
    // Construct the object.   
    object[] consargs = new object[2]; 
    consargs[0] = 10; 
    consargs[1] = 20; 
    object reflectOb = ci[x].Invoke(consargs); 
 
    Console.WriteLine("\nInvoking methods on reflectOb."); 
    Console.WriteLine(); 
    MethodInfo[] mi = t.GetMethods(); 
 
    // Invoke each method. 
    foreach(MethodInfo m in mi) { 
      // Get the parameters 
      ParameterInfo[] pi = m.GetParameters(); 
 
      if(m.Name.rupareTo("set")==0 && 
         pi[0].ParameterType == typeof(int)) { 
        // This is set(int, int). 
        object[] args = new object[2]; 
        args[0] = 9; 
        args[1] = 18; 
        m.Invoke(reflectOb, args); 
      } 
      else if(m.Name.rupareTo("set")==0 && 
         pi[0].ParameterType == typeof(double)) { 
        // This is set(double, double). 
        object[] args = new object[2]; 
        args[0] = 1.12; 
        args[1] = 23.4; 
        m.Invoke(reflectOb, args); 
      } 
      else if(m.Name.rupareTo("sum")==0) { 
        val = (int) m.Invoke(reflectOb, null); 
        Console.WriteLine("sum is " + val); 
      } 
      else if(m.Name.rupareTo("isBetween")==0) { 
        object[] args = new object[1]; 
        args[0] = 14; 
        if((bool) m.Invoke(reflectOb, args)) 
          Console.WriteLine("14 is between x and y"); 
      } 
      else if(m.Name.rupareTo("show")==0) { 
        m.Invoke(reflectOb, null); 
      } 
    } 
 
  } 
} 
//================================================================
/*
C#: The Complete Reference 
by Herbert Schildt 
Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (March 8, 2002)
ISBN: 0072134852
*/

// A file that contains three classes.  Call this file MyClasses.cs. 
 
using System; 
 
class MyClass { 
  int x; 
  int y; 
 
  public MyClass(int i) { 
    Console.WriteLine("Constructing MyClass(int). "); 
    x = y = i;  
    show(); 
  } 
 
  public MyClass(int i, int j) { 
    Console.WriteLine("Constructing MyClass(int, int). "); 
    x = i; 
    y = j; 
    show(); 
  } 
 
  public int sum() { 
    return x+y; 
  } 
 
  public bool isBetween(int i) { 
    if((x < i) && (i < y)) return true; 
    else return false; 
  } 
 
  public void set(int a, int b) { 
    Console.Write("Inside set(int, int). "); 
    x = a; 
    y = b; 
    show(); 
  } 
 
  // Overload set. 
  public void set(double a, double b) { 
    Console.Write("Inside set(double, double). "); 
    x = (int) a; 
    y = (int) b; 
    show(); 
  } 
 
  public void show() { 
    Console.WriteLine("Values are x: {0}, y: {1}", x, y); 
  } 
 
} 
 
class AnotherClass { 
  string remark; 
 
  public AnotherClass(string str) { 
    remark = str; 
  } 
 
  public void show() { 
    Console.WriteLine(remark); 
  } 
} 
 
public class Demo12 { 
  public static void Main() { 
    Console.WriteLine("This is a placeholder."); 
  } 
}

Uses an object in another application domain

/*
Mastering Visual C# .NET
by Jason Price, Mike Gunderloy
Publisher: Sybex;
ISBN: 0782129110
*/
/*
  Example18_3.cs uses an object in another application domain
*/
using System;
using System.Runtime.Remoting;
using System.Reflection;
public class Example18_3 
{
  public static void Main() 
  {
    // create a new appdomain
    AppDomain d = AppDomain.CreateDomain("NewDomain");
    
    // load an instance of the System.Rand object
    ObjectHandle hobj = d.CreateInstance("Example18_2", "SimpleObject");
    // use a local variable to access the object
    SimpleObject so = (SimpleObject) hobj.Unwrap();
    Console.WriteLine(so.ToUpper("make this uppercase"));
  }
}

//=================================================
/*
  Example18_2.cs defines a simple object to create
*/
using System;
[Serializable]
public class SimpleObject 
{
  public String ToUpper(String inString)
  {
    return(inString.ToUpper());
  }
}

Uses reflection to execute a class method indirectly

/*
C# Programming Tips & Techniques
by Charles Wright, Kris Jamsa
Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (December 28, 2001)
ISBN: 0072193794
*/
// Reflect2.cs -- Uses reflection to execute a class method indirectly.
//
//                Compile this program with the following command line:
//                    C:>csc Reflect2.cs
//
using System;
using System.Reflection;
namespace nsReflect
{
    class clsReflection
    {
        private double pi = 3.14159;
        public double Pi
        {
            get {return (pi);}
        }
        public string ShowPi ()
        {
            return ("Pi = " + pi);
        }
    }
    public class Reflect2
    {
        static public void Main ()
        {
            clsReflection refl = new clsReflection ();
            Type t = refl.GetType();
            MethodInfo GetPi = t.GetMethod ("ShowPi");
            Console.WriteLine (GetPi.Invoke (refl, null));
        }
    }
}

Uses reflection to show the inherited members of a class

/*
C# Programming Tips & Techniques
by Charles Wright, Kris Jamsa
Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (December 28, 2001)
ISBN: 0072193794
*/
// Reflect.cs -- Uses reflection to show the inherited members of a class.
//
//               Compile this program with the following command line:
//                   C:>csc Reflect.cs
//
using System;
using System.Reflection;
namespace nsReflect
{
    class clsReflection
    {
        private double pi = 3.14159;
        public double Pi
        {
            get {return (pi);}
        }
        public string ShowPi ()
        {
            return ("Pi = " + pi);
        }
    }
    
    public class Reflection
    {
        static public void Main ()
        {
            clsReflection refl = new clsReflection ();
            Type t = refl.GetType();
            Console.WriteLine ("The type of t is " + t.ToString());
            MemberInfo [] members = t.GetMembers();
            Console.WriteLine ("The members of t are:");
            foreach (MemberInfo m in members)
                Console.WriteLine ("   " + m);
        }
    }
}

Using reflection to get information about an assembly

/*
C# Programming Tips & Techniques
by Charles Wright, Kris Jamsa
Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (December 28, 2001)
ISBN: 0072193794
*/
// Asy.cs -- Demonstrates using reflection to get information
//           about an assembly.
//
//           Compile this program with the following command line:
//               C:>csc Asy.cs
using System;
using System.Reflection;
public class Asy
{
    static public void Main ()
    {
        Assembly asy = null;
        try
        {
            asy = Assembly.Load ("Circle");
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine (e.Message);
            return;
        }
        Type [] types = asy.GetTypes();
        foreach (Type t in types)
            ShowTypeInfo (t);
    }
    static void ShowTypeInfo (Type t)
    {
            Console.WriteLine ("{0} is a member of the {1} namespace", t.Name, t.Namespace);
            Console.WriteLine ("\r\nMethods in {0}:", t.Name);
            MethodInfo [] methods = t.GetMethods ();
            foreach (MethodInfo m in methods)
                Console.WriteLine ("\t" + m.Name);
            Console.WriteLine ("\r\nProperties in {0}:", t.Name);
            PropertyInfo [] props = t.GetProperties ();
            foreach (PropertyInfo p in props)
                Console.WriteLine ("\t" + p.Name);
            Console.WriteLine ("\r\nFields in {0}:", t.Name);
            FieldInfo [] fields = t.GetFields ();
            foreach (FieldInfo f in fields)
                Console.WriteLine ("\t" + f.Name);
    }
}

Utilize MyClass without assuming any prior knowledge

/*
C#: The Complete Reference 
by Herbert Schildt 
Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (March 8, 2002)
ISBN: 0072134852
*/

// Utilize MyClass without assuming any prior knowledge. 
 
using System; 
using System.Reflection; 
 
public class ReflectAssemblyDemo1 { 
  public static void Main() { 
    int val; 
    Assembly asm = Assembly.LoadFrom("MyClasses.exe"); 
 
    Type[] alltypes = asm.GetTypes(); 
 
    Type t = alltypes[0]; // use first class found 
 
    Console.WriteLine("Using: " + t.Name); 
 
    ConstructorInfo[] ci = t.GetConstructors(); 
 
    // Use first constructor found. 
    ParameterInfo[] cpi = ci[0].GetParameters(); 
    object reflectOb; 
 
    if(cpi.Length > 0) { 
      object[] consargs = new object[cpi.Length]; 
 
      // initialize args 
      for(int n=0; n < cpi.Length; n++) 
        consargs[n] = 10 + n * 20; 
 
      // construct the object 
      reflectOb = ci[0].Invoke(consargs); 
    } else 
      reflectOb = ci[0].Invoke(null); 
     
 
    Console.WriteLine("\nInvoking methods on reflectOb."); 
    Console.WriteLine(); 
 
    // Ignore inherited methods. 
    MethodInfo[] mi = t.GetMethods(BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly | 
                                   BindingFlags.Instance | 
                                   BindingFlags.Public) ; 
 
    // Invoke each method. 
    foreach(MethodInfo m in mi) { 
      Console.WriteLine("Calling {0} ", m.Name); 
 
      // Get the parameters 
      ParameterInfo[] pi = m.GetParameters(); 
 
      // Execute methods. 
      switch(pi.Length) { 
        case 0: // no args 
          if(m.ReturnType == typeof(int)) { 
            val = (int) m.Invoke(reflectOb, null); 
            Console.WriteLine("Result is " + val); 
          } 
          else if(m.ReturnType == typeof(void)) { 
            m.Invoke(reflectOb, null); 
          } 
          break; 
        case 1: // one arg 
          if(pi[0].ParameterType == typeof(int)) { 
            object[] args = new object[1]; 
            args[0] = 14; 
            if((bool) m.Invoke(reflectOb, args)) 
              Console.WriteLine("14 is between x and y"); 
            else 
              Console.WriteLine("14 is not between x and y"); 
          } 
          break; 
        case 2: // two args 
          if((pi[0].ParameterType == typeof(int)) && 
             (pi[1].ParameterType == typeof(int))) { 
            object[] args = new object[2]; 
            args[0] = 9; 
            args[1] = 18; 
            m.Invoke(reflectOb, args); 
          } 
          else if((pi[0].ParameterType == typeof(double)) && 
                  (pi[1].ParameterType == typeof(double))) { 
            object[] args = new object[2]; 
            args[0] = 1.12; 
            args[1] = 23.4; 
            m.Invoke(reflectOb, args); 
          } 
          break; 
      }      
      Console.WriteLine(); 
    } 
 
  } 
}
//==============================================================
/*
C#: The Complete Reference 
by Herbert Schildt 
Publisher: Osborne/McGraw-Hill (March 8, 2002)
ISBN: 0072134852
*/

// A file that contains three classes.  Call this file MyClasses.cs. 
 
using System; 
 
class MyClass { 
  int x; 
  int y; 
 
  public MyClass(int i) { 
    Console.WriteLine("Constructing MyClass(int). "); 
    x = y = i;  
    show(); 
  } 
 
  public MyClass(int i, int j) { 
    Console.WriteLine("Constructing MyClass(int, int). "); 
    x = i; 
    y = j; 
    show(); 
  } 
 
  public int sum() { 
    return x+y; 
  } 
 
  public bool isBetween(int i) { 
    if((x < i) && (i < y)) return true; 
    else return false; 
  } 
 
  public void set(int a, int b) { 
    Console.Write("Inside set(int, int). "); 
    x = a; 
    y = b; 
    show(); 
  } 
 
  // Overload set. 
  public void set(double a, double b) { 
    Console.Write("Inside set(double, double). "); 
    x = (int) a; 
    y = (int) b; 
    show(); 
  } 
 
  public void show() { 
    Console.WriteLine("Values are x: {0}, y: {1}", x, y); 
  } 
 
} 
 
class AnotherClass { 
  string remark; 
 
  public AnotherClass(string str) { 
    remark = str; 
  } 
 
  public void show() { 
    Console.WriteLine(remark); 
  } 
} 
 
public class Demo12 { 
  public static void Main() { 
    Console.WriteLine("This is a placeholder."); 
  } 
}